Stem moisture content prediction model for Larix olgensis based on beta regression.

To investigate the longitudinal variation patterns of sapwood, heartwood, bark and stem moisture content along the trunk of artificial Larix olgensis, we constructed mixed effect models of moisture content based on beta regression by combining the effects of sampling plot and sample trees. We used two sampling schemes to calibrate the model, without limiting the relative height (Scheme Ⅰ) and with a limiting height of less than 2 m (Scheme II). The results showed that sapwood and stem moisture content increased gradually along the trunk, heartwood moisture content decreased slightly and then increased along the trunk, and bark moisture content increased along the trunk and then levelled off before increasing. Relative height, height to crown base, stand area at breast height per hectare, age, and stand dominant height were main factors driving moisture content of L. olgensis. Scheme Ⅰ showed the stable prediction accuracy when randomly sampling moisture content measurements from 2-3 discs to calibrate the model, with the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of up to 7.2% for stem moisture content (randomly selected 2 discs), and the MAPE of up to 7.4%, 10.5% and 10.5% for sapwood, heartwood and bark moisture content (randomly selected 3 discs), respectively. Scheme Ⅱ was appropriate when sampling moisture content measurements from discs of 1.3 and 2 m height and the MAPE of sapwood, heartwood, bark and stem moisture content reached 7.8%, 11.0%, 10.4% and 7.1%, respectively. The prediction accuracies of all mixed effect beta regression models were better than the base model. The two-level mixed effect beta regression models, considering both plot effect and tree effect, would be suitable for predicting moisture content of each part of L. olgensis well.

Risk factors for methotrexate resistance in low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia patients (FIGO score 0-4).

The challenge of methotrexate (MTX) resistance among low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) patients has always been prominent. Despite the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) score of 0-4 patients comprising the majority of low-risk GTN patients, a comprehensive exploration of the prevalence and risk factors associated with MTX resistance has been limited. Therefore, we aimed to identify associated risk factors in GTN patients with a FIGO score of 0-4. Between January 2005 and December 2020, 310 low-risk GTN patients received primary MTX chemotherapy in two hospitals, with 265 having a FIGO score of 0-4. In the FIGO 0-4 subgroup, 94 (35.5%) were resistant to MTX chemotherapy, and 34 (12.8%) needed multi-agent chemotherapy. Clinicopathologic diagnosis of postmolar choriocarcinoma (OR = 17.18, 95% CI: 4.64-63.70, P < 0.001) and higher pretreatment human chorionic gonadotropin concentration on a logarithmic scale (log-hCG concentration) (OR = 18.11, 95% CI: 3.72-88.15, P < 0.001) were identified as independent risk factors associated with MTX resistance according to multivariable logistic regression. The decision tree model and regression model were developed to predict the risk of MTX resistance in GTN patients with a FIGO score of 0-4. Evaluation of model discrimination, calibration and net benefit revealed the superiority of the decision tree model, which comprised clinicopathologic diagnosis and pretreatment hCG concentration. The patients in the high- and medium-risk groups of the decision tree model had a higher probability of MTX resistance. This study represents the investigation into MTX resistance in GTN patients with a FIGO score of 0-4 and disclosed a remission rate of approximately 65% with MTX chemotherapy. Higher pretreatment hCG concentration and clinicopathologic diagnosis of postmolar choriocarcinoma were independent risk factors associated with resistance to MTX chemotherapy. The decision tree model demonstrated enhanced predictive capabilities regarding the risk of MTX resistance and can serve as a valuable tool to guide the clinical treatment decisions for GTN patients with a FIGO score of 0-4.

Bacterial capsules: Occurrence, mechanism, and function.

In environments characterized by extended multi-stress conditions, pathogens develop a variety of immune escape mechanisms to enhance their ability to infect the host. The capsules, polymers that bacteria secrete near their cell wall, participates in numerous bacterial life processes and plays a crucial role in resisting host immune attacks and adapting to their niche. Here, we discuss the relationship between capsules and bacterial virulence, summarizing the molecular mechanisms of capsular regulation and pathogenesis to provide new insights into the research on the pathogenesis of pathogenic bacteria.

Genetically modified pigs: Emerging animal models for hereditary hearing loss.

Hereditary hearing loss (HHL), a genetic disorder that impairs auditory function, significantly affects quality of life and incurs substantial economic losses for society. To investigate the underlying causes of HHL and evaluate therapeutic outcomes, appropriate animal models are necessary. Pigs have been extensively used as valuable large animal models in biomedical research. In this review, we highlight the advantages of pig models in terms of ear anatomy, inner ear morphology, and electrophysiological characteristics, as well as recent advancements in the development of distinct genetically modified porcine models of hearing loss. Additionally, we discuss the prospects, challenges, and recommendations regarding the use pig models in HHL research. Overall, this review provides insights and perspectives for future studies on HHL using porcine models.

Exploring the role of disulfidptosis-related signatures in immune microenvironment, prognosis and therapeutic strategies of cervical cancer.

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is characterized by a complex immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Disulfidptosis is a recently identified form of programmed cell death that has emerged as a crucial factor in tumorigenesis. However, the research on the specific involvement of disulfidptosis within the TME is still in its early stages. METHODS: Under glucose starvation, SiHa and HeLa cells underwent experiments employing diverse cell death inhibitors and SLC7A11 knockdown to observe their impact on cell survival. TCGA-CESC cohort was subjected to consensus clustering for disulfidptosis-related clusters. Prognosis, function, immune infiltration, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) evaluations among clusters were compared. A prognostic model based on DEGs and disulfidptosis regulator genes (DRGs) was constructed and internally and externally validated. The correlation between YWHAG and clinicopathological characteristics in cervical cancer patients was investigated at both the mRNA and protein levels. Proliferation and migration assays were performed to uncover the roles of YWHAG in cervical cancer. RESULTS: Experimental validation confirmed disulfidptosis in cervical cancer cell lines. Cervical cancer patients were classified into three clusters based on DRGs, showing notably improved prognosis and increased immune infiltration in cluster B. The developed disulfidptosis-related prognostic model effectively stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups. Low-risk patients exhibited more favorable responses to immunotherapy and improved overall prognosis. Additionally, YWHAG, recognized as a tumor-promoting gene, demonstrated active roles in enhancing the growth, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer cells. CONCLUSION: Our research proposed a prognostic model for cervical cancer, probably contributing to tumor microenvironment traits and more potent immunotherapy strategy exploration.

Height-diameter model of broad-leaved mixed forest based on species classification in Maoershan, Northeast China.

The complex stand structure and high species diversity of natural forests pose great challenges for analyzing stand growth and formulating reasonable plans for forest management. The height-diameter relationship is of great significance for predicting stand growth and formulating forest management measures. Based on survey data of 48 broad-leaved mixed forest plots in Maoershan, we classified 23 tree species into four groups based on species structure, growth characteristics and bionomics. We established a generalized model including stand, tree competition, species mixing and species diversity variables by reparameterization method, and a two-level mixed effect model of plot and tree species group. We tested the prediction ability of the model by leave-one-out cross-validation method. The results showed that the Ratkowsky (1990) model was the optimal basic model. The introduction of dominant height, basal area of trees larger than the object tree, basal area proportion of each species, and Shannon index could better explain the height-diameter relationship of broad-leaved mixed forest in Maoershan. The introduction of the mixed effect model of plot and tree species group could significantly improve the prediction accuracy of the model, with a Ra2 of 0.83. Under the same gradient of environmental factors, intolerant tree species exhibited higher tree heights than shade-tolerant tree species. In this study, we used the constructed tree height-diameter model to analyze the effects of species mixing and tree functional traits on tree height, which provided a theoretical basis for accurately predicting height of different tree species and analyzing the growth relationships in broadleaved mixed forests.

Rare Sagittal Compensatory Balance in Neuromuscular Scoliosis Complicated by Hydrocephalus: A Case Report.

Objective: This case report aims to present a rare case of thoracic lordosis and lumbar kyphosis and describe the posterior instrumented scoliosis correction performed. Case presentation: A 59-year-old female presented with low back pain. She had undergone ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement 8 years ago. I scored 76 on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. MRI of the lumbar spine showed spinal canal stenosis at L3/4, L4/5, and L5/S1. Full spine X-ray revealed thoracic lordosis and lumbar kyphoscoliosis， the coronal imbalance, and the sagittal compensatory balance. In order to avoid the risk of brain swelling and paraplegia, pedicle subtraction osteotomies (PSO) in the L2 and lumbar posterior instrumented scoliosis correction were performed under electroencephalogram and neuro electrophysiological monitoring. Shoulder imbalance was observed 1 year after surgery, but there was no loss of lumbar correction. Conclusion: In future cases of complex spinal deformity, it is important to observe whether there is cerebral ventricular dilatation on MRI before the operation. If severe thoracic lordosis is combined with lumbar scoliosis, over-correcting the lumbar scoliosis should be avoided to prevent shoulder imbalance.

Influence of germination on the bioactivity, structural, functional and volatile characteristics of different chickpea flours.

In this paper, the objective was to evaluated the impact of germination of chickpea cultivars (Muying1, Y2-514 and YZ-364) on the bioactivity, volatiles and functional properties. The results showed that the Vitamin C content of Muying1, Y2-514 and YZ-364 after germination significantly increased (p < 0.05). Moreover, the germination also caused a significant decrease in lower transition temperatures and enthalpy values in chickpea flours (p < 0.05). After germination treatment, ß-sheet and random coils in protein secondary structures increased and ß-turn decreased in YZ-364; α-helix, ß-sheet and random coil in Y2-514 and Muying1 decreased, while ß-turn increased. The germination significantly enhanced the functional properties of three chickpea flours (p < 0.05). It was proved that the germination significantly enhanced the total phenolic and flavonoids content, antioxidant activity and in vitro protein digestibility. The GC-IMS revealed that the germination could affect the contents of volatile compounds of chickpea flours.

A quantitative chemomics strategy for the comprehensive comparison of Murraya paniculata and M. exotica using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.

Murrayae Folium et Cacumen (MFC) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) derived from two plant species, Murraya exotica L. and Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, as recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. However, there is no research available on the comprehensive analysis and comparison of the chemical constituents of these two species. In the present study, an integrated LC-MS-based quantitative metabolome strategy was proposed to conduct a comprehensive and in-depth qualitative and quantitative analysis and comparison of the chemome of M. exotica and M. paniculata. Firstly, the universal chemical information of two plants was obtained by quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q-TOF-MS) combined with hybrid triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (Qtrap-MS). Subsequently, a UNIFI in house database, the proposed fragmentation patterns, and a quantitative structure chromatographic retention relationship (QSRR) model were integrated for the rapid, comprehensive, and accurate structural elucidation of the chemical constituents of these two species. Thirdly, a large-scale quantitation method was established using scheduled multiple reaction monitoring mode (sMRM) and 76 primary components were selected as quantitative markers for the method validation. The obtained dataset was then subjected for multivariate statistical analysis to comprehensive comparison of these two plants. As a result, a total of 209 and 212 compounds were identified from M. exotica and M. paniculata, respectively. Among them, 103 common constituents were disclosed in both plants. The multivariate statistical analysis and absolute quantitative analysis revealed noticeable differences in the contents of specific chemical constituents between these two plants. The higher quantity constituents in M. exotica are 7-methoxycoumarins, while polymethoxylated flavonoids are the major constituents in M. paniculata. The common compounds accounted for approximately 80 % of the quantitative components in both plants, which provides a theoretical basis for their common use as the official source of MFC. In sum, the established quantitative chemomics strategy supplies an effective means for comprehensive chemical comparison of multi-source TCMs.

Cooperation of quorum sensing and central carbon metabolism in the pathogenesis of Gram-positive bacteria.

Quorum sensing (QS), an integral component of bacterial communication, is essential in coordinating the collective response of diverse bacterial pathogens. Central carbon metabolism (CCM), serving as the primary metabolic hub for substances such as sugars, lipids, and amino acids, plays a crucial role in the life cycle of bacteria. Pathogenic bacteria often utilize CCM to regulate population metabolism and enhance the synthesis of specific cellular structures, thereby facilitating in adaptation to the host microecological environment and expediting infection. Research has demonstrated that QS can both directly or indirectly affect the CCM of numerous pathogenic bacteria, thus altering their virulence and pathogenicity. This article reviews the interplay between QS and CCM in Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria, details the molecular mechanisms by which QS modulates CCM, and lays the groundwork for investigating bacterial pathogenicity and developing innovative infection treatment drugs.

Recent advances of Pin1 inhibitors as potential anticancer agents.

Pin1 (proline isomerase peptidyl-prolyl isomerase NIMA-interacting-1), as a member of PPIase family, catalyzes cis-trans isomerization of pThr/Ser-Pro amide bonds of its substrate proteins, further regulating cell proliferation, division, apoptosis, and transformation. Pin1 is overexpressed in various cancers and is positively correlated with tumor initiation and progression. Pin1 inhibition can effectively reduce tumor growth and cancer stem cell expansion, block metastatic spread, and restore chemosensitivity, suggesting that targeting Pin1 may be an effective strategy for cancer treatment. Considering the promising therapeutic effects of Pin1 inhibitors on cancers, we herein are intended to comprehensively summarize the reported Pin1 inhibitors, mainly highlighting their structures, biological functions and binding modes, in hope of providing a reference for the future drug discovery.

IL-8 activates fibroblasts to promote the invasion of HNSCC cells via STAT3-MMP1.

Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) has an aberrant expression relevant to various behaviors of cancers. As dominant components of the tumor stroma, fibroblasts constitute an important source of Matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) including mainly MMP1. The impacts of MMP1 derived from fibroblasts in tumor microenvironment, however, is not well defined. In this study, we demonstrated a part of crosstalk between fibroblasts and cancer cells that enhanced the invasiveness of cancer cells, IL8-induced activation of STAT3 signaling pathway as a key promoter to elevated MMP1 level in fibroblasts that supports the migration and invasion of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells by extracellular matrix degradation. Importantly, once exposed to the inhibitor of STAT3 phosphorylation (TPCA-1), the enhanced induction of HNSCC cells invasion triggered by fibroblasts was significantly impaired.

"Internet+Nursing Service" Mobile Apps in China App Stores: Functionality and Quality Assessment Study.

Background: As the Chinese society ages and the concern for health and quality of life grows, the demand for care services in China is increasing. The widespread use of internet technology has greatly improved the convenience and efficiency of web-based services. As a result, the Chinese government has been implementing "Internet+Nursing Services" since 2019, with mobile apps being the primary tools for users to access these services. The quality of these apps is closely related to user experience and the smooth use of services. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the functionality, services, and quality of "Internet+Nursing Service" apps; identify weaknesses; and provide suggestions for improving service programs and the research, development, improvement, and maintenance of similar apps. Methods: In December 2022, two researchers searched for "Internet+Nursing Service" apps by applying the search criteria on the Kuchuan mobile app monitoring platform. After identifying the apps to be included based on ranking criteria, they collected information such as the app developer, app size, version number, number of downloads, user ratings, and number and names of services. Afterward, 5 trained researchers independently evaluated the quality of the apps by using the Chinese version of the user version of the Mobile App Rating Scale (uMARS-C). The total uMARS-C score was based on the average of the five evaluators' ratings. Results: A total of 17 "Internet+Nursing Service" apps were included. Among these, 12 (71%) had been downloaded more than 10,000 times, 11 (65%) had user ratings of 4 or higher, the median app size was 62.67 (range 22.71-103; IQR 37.51-73.47) MB, 16 (94%) apps provided surgical wound dressing change services, 4 (24%) covered first-tier cities, and only 1 (6%) covered fourth-tier cities. The median total uMARS-C score was 3.88 (range 1.92-4.92; IQR 3.71-4.05), which did not correlate with app store user ratings (r=0.003; P=.99). The quality of most apps (11/17, 65%) was average. Most apps (12/17, 71%) were rated as "good" or above (≥4 points) in terms of information quality, layout, graphics, performance, and ease of use; however, the vast majority of apps were rated as "fair" or even "poor" (<4 points) in terms of credibility (14/17, 82%) and demand (16/17, 94%). Conclusions: "Internet+Nursing Service" apps need to broaden their service coverage, increase service variety, and further optimize their service structure. The overall quality of these apps is generally poor. App developers should collaborate with medical professionals and communicate with target users before launching their products to ensure accurate content, complete functionality, and good operation that meets user needs.

Experimental evidence for cancer resistance in a bat species.

Mammals exhibit different rates of cancer, with long-lived species generally showing greater resistance. Although bats have been suggested to be resistant to cancer due to their longevity, this has yet to be systematically examined. Here, we investigate cancer resistance across seven bat species by activating oncogenic genes in their primary cells. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments suggest that Myotis pilosus (MPI) is particularly resistant to cancer. The transcriptomic and functional analyses reveal that the downregulation of three genes (HIF1A, COPS5, and RPS3) largely contributes to cancer resistance in MPI. Further, we identify the loss of a potential enhancer containing the HIF1A binding site upstream of COPS5 in MPI, resulting in the downregulation of COPS5. These findings not only provide direct experimental evidence for cancer resistance in a bat species but also offer insights into the natural mechanisms of cancer resistance in mammals.

Annual review of PROTAC degraders as anticancer agents in 2022.

Following nearly two decades of development, significant advancements have been achieved in PROTAC technology. As of the end of 2022, more than 20 drugs have entered clinical trials, with ARV-471 targeting estrogen receptor (ER) showing remarkable progress by entering phase III clinical studies. In 2022, significant progress has been made on multiple targets. The first reversible covalent degrader designed to target the KRASG12C mutant protein, based on cyclopropionamide, has been reported. Additionally, the activity HDCA1 degrader surpassed submicromolar levels during the same year. A novel FEM1B covalent ligand called EN106 was also discovered, expanding the range of available ligands. Furthermore, the first PROTAC drug targeting SOS1 was reported. Additionally, the first-in-class degraders that specifically target BRD4 isoforms (BRD4 L and BRD4 S) have recently been reported, providing a valuable tool for further investigating the biological functions of these isoforms. Lastly, a breakthrough was also achieved with the first degrader targeting both CDK9 and Cyclin T1. In this review, we aimed to update the PROTAC degraders as potential anticancer agents covering articles published in 2022. The design strategies, degradation effects, and anticancer activities were highlighted, which might provide an updated sight to develop novel PROTAC degraders with great potential as anticancer agents as well as favorable drug-like properties.

Strong Non-Zeno Mixed Adaptive Dynamic Event-Triggered Control for Distributed Consensus.

This article studies the distributed adaptive event-triggered consensus control problem of linear multiagent systems. A strong non-Zeno mixed adaptive dynamic event-triggering scheme is proposed, which guarantees a strictly positive minimum interevent time (MIET) between any two consecutive events. A model-based event-triggered fully distributed adaptive control law is presented without using prior global information about the communication topology. Moreover, a hybrid system model is constructed to facilitate the stability analysis of the closed-loop system. It is shown that the proposed control strategy can achieve asymptotic consensus of all agents via intermittent communication in a fully distributed way, while guaranteeing the strictly positive MIET property. Finally, the effectiveness of the designed control method is illustrated by a simulation example.

Impact of High Lipoprotein(a) on Long-Term Survival Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

BACKGROUND: Lipoprotein(a) is a possible causal risk factor for atherosclerosis and related complications. The distribution and prognostic implication of lipoprotein(a) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting remain unknown. This study aimed to assess the impact of high lipoprotein(a) on the long-term prognosis of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS AND RESULTS: Consecutive patients with stable coronary artery disease who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting from January 2013 to December 2018 from a single-center cohort were included. The primary outcome was all-cause death. The secondary outcome was a composite of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Of the 18 544 patients, 4072 (22.0%) were identified as the high-lipoprotein(a) group (≥50 mg/dL). During a median follow-up of 3.2 years, primary outcomes occurred in 587 patients. High lipoprotein(a) was associated with increased risk of all-cause death (high lipoprotein(a) versus low lipoprotein(a): adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.31 [95% CI, 1.09-1.59]; P=0.005; lipoprotein(a) per 1-mg/dL increase: aHR, 1.003 [95% CI, 1.001-1.006]; P=0.011) and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (high lipoprotein(a) versus low lipoprotein(a): aHR, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.06-1.33]; P=0.004; lipoprotein(a) per 1-mg/dL increase: aHR, 1.002 [95% CI, 1.001-1.004]; P=0.002). The lipoprotein(a)-related risk was greater in patients with European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation <3, and tended to attenuate in patients receiving arterial grafts. CONCLUSIONS: More than 1 in 5 patients with stable coronary artery disease who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting were exposed to high lipoprotein(a), which is associated with higher risks of death and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. The adverse effects of lipoprotein(a) were more pronounced in patients with clinically low-risk profiles or not receiving arterial grafts.

Polysaccharides from Chinese herbal medicine: a review on the hepatoprotective and molecular mechanism.

Polysaccharides, predominantly extracted from traditional Chinese medicinal herbs such as Lycium barbarum, Angelica sinensis, Astragalus membranaceus, Dendrobium officinale, Ganoderma lucidum, and Poria cocos, represent principal bioactive constituents extensively utilized in Chinese medicine. These compounds have demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory capabilities, especially anti-liver injury activities, while exhibiting minimal adverse effects. This review summarized recent studies to elucidate the hepatoprotective efficacy and underlying molecular mechanisms of these herbal polysaccharides. It underscored the role of these polysaccharides in regulating hepatic function, enhancing immunological responses, and improving antioxidant capacities, thus contributing to the attenuation of hepatocyte apoptosis and liver protection. Analyses of molecular pathways in these studies revealed the intricate and indispensable functions of traditional Chinese herbal polysaccharides in liver injury management. Therefore, this review provides a thorough examination of the hepatoprotective attributes and molecular mechanisms of these medicinal polysaccharides, thereby offering valuable insights for the advancement of polysaccharide-based therapeutic research and their potential clinical applications in liver disease treatment.

Clinical outcome of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression in treatment of elderly patients with lumbar spinal stenosis: a matched retrospective study.

PURPOSE: This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression (PELD) in elderly patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). STUDY DESIGN: A matched retrospective study. SETTING: The research was conducted in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, China. METHODS: This study included patients treated with PELD for LSS from September 2016 to September 2020. Patients with LSS aged ≥ 80 years were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria as the study group, and then the same number of patients with LSS aged 50-80 years were matched according to gender, stenosis type, and surgical segment as the control group. Preoperative patient status was assessed using the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification score. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores, modified Macnab criteria, radiological parameters and complication rates. RESULTS: A total of 624 LSS patients met the screening criteria between September 2016 and September 2020, with 47 LSS patients ≥ 80 years old serving as the study group. Forty-seven LSS patients aged 50-80 years were matched to the study group according to gender, stenosis type, and stenosis segment. The CCI score (1.77 ± 1.67) and ASA classification (2.62 ± 0.74) of the study group were significantly higher than the CCI score (0.66 ± 0.96) and ASA classification (1.28 ± 0.54) of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. Compared with preoperative data, postoperative ODI, leg pain VAS scores and back pain VAS scores were significantly improved in both groups (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was found between two groups in preoperative and postoperative ODI, leg pain VAS scores and back pain VAS scores (p > 0.05). The operation time and postoperative hospital stay in control group were significantly lower than those in study (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in blood loss between the two groups (p > 0.05). Besides, overall radiological parameters were comparable in elder and younger patients (p > 0.05), and disc height (DH), lumbar lordosis and segmental lordosis decreased after two year follow-up in both groups (p < 0.05). In addition, complication rates were similar between the two groups (p > 0.05), and no serious complications and deaths were found. LIMITATIONS: Single-centre retrospective design, non-randomized sample, small sample size. CONCLUSION: Although elderly LSS patients (≥ 80 years old) are less fit and have more comorbidities, satisfactory outcomes can be achieved with PELD, comparable to those of LSS patients < 80 years old, and without increased complications.